Physical
Science Chapter 15 Study Guide
Energy
Transfer
Moving objects and waves transfer energy from one
location to another. They also transfer energy to objects during interactions
(e.g., sunlight transfers energy to the ground when it warms the ground;
sunlight also transfers energy from the sun to the Earth).
|
Statement |
|
P4.1A |
Account for and represent
energy into and out of systems using energy transfer diagrams. |
|
P4.1B |
Explain instances of energy transfer
by waves and objects in everyday activities (e.g., why the ground gets warm
during the day, how you hear a distant sound, why it hurts when you are hit
by a baseball). |
Energy
Transformation
Energy is often transformed from one form to another. The
amount of energy before a transformation is equal to the amount of energy after
the transformation. In most energy transformations, some energy is converted to
thermal energy.
|
Statement |
P4.2A
|
Account for and represent energy
transfer and transformation in complex processes (interactions). |
|
P4.2C |
Explain how energy is
conserved in common systems (e.g., light incident on a transparent material,
light incident on a leaf, mechanical energy in a collision). |
|
P4.2D |
Explain why all the stored
energy in gasoline does not transform to mechanical energy of a vehicle. |
Kinetic
and Potential Energy
Moving objects have kinetic energy. Objects experiencing
a force may have potential energy due to their relative positions (e.g.,
lifting an object or stretching a spring, energy stored in chemical bonds).
Conversions between kinetic and gravitational potential energy are common in
moving objects. In frictionless systems, the decrease in gravitational
potential energy is equal to the increase in kinetic energy or vice versa.
|
Statement |
|
P4.3A |
Identify the form of energy
in given situations (e.g., moving objects, stretched springs, rocks on
cliffs, energy in food). |
|
P4.3B |
Describe the transformation between potential
and kinetic energy in simple mechanical systems (e.g., pendulums, roller
coasters, ski lifts). |
|
P4.3C |
Explain why all mechanical
systems require an external energy source to maintain their motion. |
1. Describe energy
2. P4.3B: Describe work in terms of energy
3. P4.3A, P4.3B: Describe and calculate situations with KE
4. P4.3A, P4.3B: Describe and calculate situations with gPE
5. Identify the SI unit for energy
6. Name and describe the 6 forms of energy
7. Describe the law of conservation of energy
8. P4.2A/P4.2C: Explain situations with the law of conservation of energy
9.
P4.1A: Account for and represent energy into and out
of systems using energy transfer diagrams
10.
P4.1B: Explain instances of energy transfer by waves
and objects in everyday activities (e.g., why the ground gets warm during the
day, how you hear a distant sound, why it hurts when you are hit by a baseball)
11.
P4.2D: Explain why all the stored energy in gasoline
does not transform to mechanical energy of a vehicle
12.
P4.3A: Identify the form of energy in given
situations (e.g., moving objects, stretched springs, rocks on cliffs, energy in
food)
13.
P4.3B: Describe the transformation between potential
and kinetic energy in simple mechanical systems (e.g., pendulums, roller
coasters, ski lifts)
14. P4.3C: Explain why all mechanical systems require an external energy source to maintain their motion