Physical
Science Chapter 12 Study Guide
Basic
Forces in Nature
Objects can interact with each other by “direct contact”
(pushes or pulls, friction) or at a distance (gravity, electromagnetism,
nuclear).
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Statement |
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P3.1A |
Identify the force(s) acting between
objects in “direct contact” or at a distance. |
Net Forces
Forces have magnitude and direction. The net force on an
object is the sum of all the forces acting on the object. Objects change their
speed and/or direction only when a net force is applied. If the net force on an
object is zero, there is no change in motion (
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Statement |
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P3.2A |
Identify the magnitude and direction of
everyday forces (e.g., wind, tension in ropes, pushes and pulls, weight). |
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P3.2C |
Calculate the net force
acting on an object. |
Newton’s
Third Law
Whenever one object exerts a
force on another object, a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
is exerted back on the first object.
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Statement |
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P3.3A |
Identify the action and
reaction force from examples of forces in everyday situations (e.g., book on
a table, walking across the floor, pushing open a door). |
Forces and
Acceleration
The change of speed and/or direction (acceleration) of an
object is proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass
of the object. The acceleration and net force are always in the same direction.
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Statement |
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P3.4A |
Predict the change in motion
of an object acted on by several forces. |
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P3.4B |
Identify forces acting on
objects moving with constant velocity (e.g., cars on a highway). |
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P3.4C |
Solve problems involving
force, mass, and acceleration in linear motion ( |
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P3.4D |
Identify the force(s) acting
on objects moving with uniform circular motion (e.g., a car on a circular
track, satellites in orbit). |
Gravitational
Interactions
Gravitation is an attractive force that a mass exerts on every other
mass. The strength of the gravitational force between two masses is
proportional to the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the
distance between them.
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Statement |
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P3.6A |
Explain earth-moon
interactions (orbital motion) in terms of forces. |
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P3.6B |
Predict how the gravitational
force between objects changes when the distance between them changes. |
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P3.6C |
Explain how your weight on Earth could be
different from your weight on another planet. |
1. Describe force
2. P3.1A: Identify the force(s) acting between objects in “direct contact” or at a distance
3. P3.2A: Identify the magnitude and direction of everyday forces (e.g., wind, tension in ropes, pushes and pulls, weight).
4. Identify the units for force
5. P3.2C: Describe and calculate net force
6. Identify the components of projectile motion and their interaction
7.
Name and describe
8.
Explain situations using
9. P3.3A: Identify the action and reaction force from examples of forces in everyday situations (e.g., book on a table, walking across the floor, pushing open a door)
10. P3.4A: Predict the change in motion of an object acted on by several forces
11. P3.4B: Identify forces acting on objects moving with constant velocity (e.g., cars on a highway)
12.
P3.4C: Solve problems involving force, mass, and
acceleration in linear motion (
13. P3.4D: Identify the force(s) acting on objects moving with uniform circular motion (e.g., a car on a circular track, satellites in orbit)
14. P3.6A: Explain earth-moon interactions (orbital motion) in terms of forces
15. P3.6B: Predict how the gravitational force between objects changes when the distance between them changes
16. Differentiate weight and mass
17. Calculate weight
18. Identify the metric unit of weight
19. P3.6C: Explain how your weight on Earth could be different from your weight on another planet
20. Describe and calculate momentum
21. Describe the conservation of momentum
22. P3.1A: Name and describe the four universal forces